Essay on Differences in Probiotics - 852 Words

Probiotics are the good and friendly bacteria that can have many health benefits. These health benefits include aiding in a better immune system with patients who suffer from irritable bowel diseases or syndromes such as crohns disease and ulcerative colitis.Probiotics assist in digesting dairy products for those with lactose intolerance (Duvauchelle 1). They also give a balance to those who have to take antibiotics and helps relieve with side effects such as gas and cramping(Probiotics Symptoms, Causes, Treatment† 2). Vitamin A,Vitamin K,calcium,potassium, and protein are a list of many supplements provided in probiotics (Jerkunica,Bailey,and Gall 1). Probiotics play one of the biggest roles in the immunes response system†¦show more content†¦Other beneficial bacteria found in probiotics include Bifidobacterium. This is a steady probiotic bacteria and can grow well with a tiny quantity of oxygen(Bethea 1). Benefits include reducing allergies,improving immunity and cho lesteral (Jerkunica,Bailey, and Gall 1). Surprisingly, probiotics can contain safe species of E.Coli which can treat and maintain bowel diseases (Bethea 1). Non-refrigerated probiotics are easier to get a hold of. They can be found at the drugstore or supermarket(Dyke 1). Non-refrigerated probiotics are a plus to people who dont want to wait around for 2 weeks for refrigerated ones. Companies claim that refrigerated probiotics are unstable because they lose their viable bacteria if at room temperature and urge people to purchase non-refrigerated probiotics (Do Probiotics Need to Be Refrigerated? 1). Lactobacillus acidophilus can be found in some of these probiotics.(Terry 1). These are contained in shelf stabled, non-refrigerated probiotics such as Bartell drug brand, Rite-Aid, and Natrol acidophilus. Another non-refrigerated probiotic; Kyo Dophilius contains other beneficial bacterias such as Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus gasseri which helps boost the immune system (Wa sserman 1). Numerous doctors often prefer that patients consumeShow MoreRelatedProbiotics Affect Health In Many Different Ways, But They1728 Words   |  7 PagesProbiotics affect health in many different ways, but they mostly have positive effects. People that are healthy have very little side effects or none at all.1 Researchers that have studied probiotic supplements found that they may help prevent many health problems, such as digestive disorders, liver disease, the common cold, tooth decay and more1 Some of the digestive disorders probiotics may help are diarrhea caused by infection and irritable bowel syndrome.2,3 Reachers still have not found whatRead MoreCan Probiotics Improve Oral Health? Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesCan probiotics improve oral health? Introduction Probiotics are live microorganisms that are introduced into a host’s body for their health benefits. Although research has been primarily concentrated on the gastrointestinal tract, many recent studies have suggested that it may have therapeutic effects on the oral cavity as well (Pradeep et al. 2014). Due to the links between oral health and chronic diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease), oral care probiotics may play a role not only in the oralRead MoreThe Report Of Clostridium Difficile Infection1406 Words   |  6 Pagesalso a complication of antibiotic therapy with detrimental effects in hospitalized patients. The use of probiotics for primary prophylaxis of AAD and CDI in hospitalized patients is still controversial. Varying study quality as well as significant heterogeneity make drawing conclusions from prior literature a difficult task. This study was the largest to date examining the efficacy of probiotics in preventing AAD and CDI in hospitalized older patients in the United Kingdom. Study Overview Authors’Read MoreCalcium Hardness And Shell Thickness1070 Words   |  5 Pages On the other hand, addition of probiotic had no significant effect (P0.05) on shell hardness and shell thickness and these were expected which have already been reported (Haddadin et al., 1996; Chen and Chen 2003). Although, the increase of albumen quality wasn’t significant (P 0.05), no reasonable explanation can be offered for the improvement in albumen quality in the microbial additive groups. Jensen et al. (1978) found significant improvements in interior egg quality which measured byRead MoreBacterial Flora in the Gut835 Words   |  3 Pagesthe ecological population of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms that share our body space, has stepped to the forefront of research in the psychiatric realm of science. This paper will discuss the importance of gut health through the use of probiotics towards mental health disorders like depression and anxiety by reviewing the findings o f experiments involving three different reviews on studies in the field of Psychobiotics To start, an introduction to the term as well as the study of PsychobioticsRead MoreThe And Probiotics Are Functional Foods That Can Have A Positive Impact On Human Health Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesPrebiotics and probiotics are functional foods that can have a positive impact on human health As advances in microbiology, and food sciences generally, continue to expand rapidly, prebiotics, probiotics, their characteristics and health benefits become a more and more interesting field for scientific research. Their primary features and their impact on human health will be discussed in this essay. Prebiotics-definition and sources According to Gibson and Roberfroid (1995) prebiotics are â€Å"nondigestibleRead MoreYakult Marketing Strategies1488 Words   |  6 Pages(Malaysia) SdnBhd Yakult (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. was incorporated in February 2004 and it is a subsidiary of Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd, a Japanese listed company and a world-renowned manufacturer of probiotic products. The Company upholds the philosophy of promoting good health and preventing diseases through the use of probiotics. There is only one Yakult factory in Malaysia which is located in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan and its Head office is in Glenmaria, Shah Alam. This factory produces Yakult for the whole ofRead MoreThe Immune System : A Complex Network Of Innate And Innate Immune Systems1254 Words   |  6 Pagesthat are considered to aid in enhancing host health is probiotics. They have specialized characteristics and functions that allow them to tolerate the acidic conditions within the gastrointestinal tract. They also have the ability to survive while competing with other microorganisms and pathogens. Probiotics are generally isolated from healthy humans and are given to unhealthy ones in order to help with the treatment of GI issues. Probiotics have been shown to aid in the treatment of GI inflammationRead MoreEssay On Gram-Negative Bacteria1045 Words   |  5 Pagesamong Gram-negative bacteria, especially during the infection. But there are few studies on EV formation in Gram-positive bacteria. It has become evident that MVs serve as transport vehicles containing different cargoes. Although there are some differences in cell structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, many morphological features of MVs from Gram-positive bacteria are in common with OMVs obtained from Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs are spherical and bi-layered vesicles ranging 20-100Read MoreEvaluation Of An Electrode With A Penetration Probe Coupled1079 Words   |  5 Pagesmodel. To evaluate the differences in physicochemical characteristics and acceptance among the samples, paired comparisons of the means will be performed using the Tukey HSD test (p ≠¤ 0.05). 4. Potential Significance and Expected outcome The study will provide knowledge on the key issues and science-based information with respect to food safety. It will inform the decision makers, resource managers, food microbiologist and industries on stable and sustainable uses of probiotics in preservation of aquatic

Held Captive by Indians in The Unredeemed Captive by John...

The Unredeemed Captive published by Vintage on March 28, 1995. The Unredeemed Captive - A Family Story by John Demos was about Eunice Williams’ being held captive by the resident Indians and the fight her family endured in order to go home. Eunice was captured together with her family along with hundreds of other residents in and around Deerfield. Demos, seems very knowledgeable of the Deerfield raid. He also uses impeccable detail on the captives’ march to Canada. Demos, also does a great job of depicting the experience of being a captive. It also helped to understand the story better when Demos explained further why the Indians were victorious in capturing the villagers. As well, he described the Kahnawake Indian village where Eunice†¦show more content†¦There were rumors accumulating but by 1704 there were so many over a long period of time that everybody just ignored but still took precaution. Since they had been alerted to the possibility of a raid, they a ll took refuge within the palisade, and a guard was posted. The raid occurred in winter which was atypical. There was a couple feet of snow on the ground. The Indians would have to walk nearly 300 miles to get to Deerfield and return back with captives. The raiders swept into the village, and began attacking individual houses. Reverend Williams house was among the first to be raided; Williams life was spared when his gunshot misfired, and he was taken prisoner. Two of his children and a servant were slain; the rest of his family and his other servant were also taken prisoner. Similar scenarios occurred in many of the other houses. The residents of Benoni Stebbins house, which was not among the ones attacked early, resisted the raiders attacks, which lasted until well after daylight. A second house, near the northwestern corner of the palisade, was also successfully defended. The raiders moved through the village, herding their prisoners to an area just north of the town, rifling hou ses for items of value, and setting a number of them on fire. The captives were rounded up and marched to Canada. The word â€Å"raid† does not sum up to the events that took place in Deerfield. In this interpretation of the â€Å"true† story of Eunice Williams, itShow MoreRelatedEssay on Overview of John Demoss Unredeemed Captive1397 Words   |  6 PagesThe Unredeemed Captive tells a story of struggles a family went through to stay true to one another. Eunice Williams’ was taken captive and family went through many obstacles to try and get her home. Both Eunice and her family were captured together along with many other town residents in the Deerfield Massacre of 1704. Demos precisely described the Deerfield raid along with the process of traveling to Canada. Throughout the book, Demos also covered some individual captive experiences and eventsRead MoreThe Great Journey Through History in John Demos’s The Unredeemed889 Words   |  3 PagesStanding a t the boundary between narrative writing and historical review, John Demos’s The Unredeemed Captive is a paragon of history writing that is simultaneously informative and intriguing. Through his entertaining text and thorough analysis, the readers may find themselves as captivated by the story as the Deerfield captives were by the Native Americans. Although often criticized for his style, Demos has produced an evolutionary way to encapsulate facts through descriptive writing. ProvidingRead MoreThe Discovery Of The Mohawk Indians On The Deerfield, Massachusetts s Community1316 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Mohawk Indians on the Deerfield, Massachusetts’s community. This sets the stage for the events that follow in the novel Unredeemed Captive by the Yale historian named John Demos. The Mohawk Indians captured and killed many individuals as well as families, and then proceeded to send them on a two-month long journey from Massachusetts to Canada. The journey claimed the l ives of many as a result of the harsh winter’s traveling conditions. The Mohawk’s would kill some of the captives out of mercy

Essay on Huckleberry Finn A Free Spirit - 910 Words

Huckleberry Finn: A Free Spirit Huckleberry Finn is not an escapist, but a free spirit who only wants to live deeply disentangled from the bonds of society. An escapist is someone who flees from his/her responsibilities, while a free spirit is a person who knows no boundaries, and cannot be tamed by society. It may appear at first that Huck is an escapist, for he enjoys not having to go to school when living with his father. He escapes from the cabin and his father’s abuse; however, he escapes from his father’s cabin out of the necessity of survival, not because he didn’t want to accept responsibilities. Even though Huck did enjoy fishing and relaxing in the sun during his stay with Pap, it wasn’t the responsibility that he was†¦show more content†¦He decided that he didn’t care what society thought was right, and that staying true to Jim was the best thing to do. â€Å"I knowed very well I had done wrong, and I see it warn’t no use for me to try to learn to do right†¦Then I thought for a minute, and says to myself hold n; s’pose you’d ‘a’ done right and give Jim up, would’ve you felt better than what you do now? No says I, I’d feel bad†¦Well, then says I, what’s the use you lear ning to do right when it’s troublesome to do right and ain’t no trouble to do wrong.† (p. 95) His spirit is free and uncorrupted by the prejudices of society. By listening to his heart, Huck makes a good choice. He still takes responsibility for his own actions although not according to the standards put on him, but by those he puts on himself. He is no longer as selfish, as he becomes more mature he learns to respect other peoples’ feelings and needs. Even though he doesn’t want to live in their world, Huck still has feelings for the people he meets and cares for. Traveling down the Mississippi is heaven for a free spirit like Huck. Surviving on their own terms Huck and Jim â€Å"borrowed† vegetables and hunted for meat. â€Å" We shot a water fowl now and then that got up too early in the morning or didn’t go to bed early enough in the evening. Take it all around we lived pretty high.† (p.71) Huck is completely satisfied with this life style. He has everything a free spirit needs; a good companion, enough food andShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn And Its Characterization951 Words   |  4 PagesEng. Hon. 2nd 3 March 2016 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and its Characterization In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there is a large use of characterization to develop the characters and is influenced by the time period. Mark Twain was born in 1835, and lived to see the Civil War start. This is a big influence on his writing, because his two most famous works, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. They both take place in the time before theRead More Charles Dickens and Mark Twains lessons Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Dickens and The adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain can show that although both writers lived in different societies they shared the same point of views about life and used their writing to educate their readers and change their societies positively. Both books satirise individuals who think that they are superior to others, by doing this the writers want to show their readers that this is a wrong thing to do. In The adventures of Huckleberry Finn the general southern public is satirisedRead MoreDaisy Miller- the Huck Finn of Her Time1184 Words   |  5 Pages1800’s. Much like Huckleberry Finn, Daisy, coming from America did not want to conform to the norms of European society. She wanted to be her own individual. While reading Daisy Miller there were three common themes that arose which led me to believe that Daisy could be addressed as the female version of Huck Finn. Some of the themes include: the constant search for freedom, rejecting the norms of society, and the uncultured lifestyles that both tried to achieve. Huck Finn was in constant searchRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s Works Made A Huge Impact On Readers And Literary Critics1288 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American spirit of never ending optimism (except possibly near the end of his life), despite several major personal setbacks. Lastly, Twain impacted the world subtly. He spoke out on a variety of topics-slavery, religion. the Ugly American, the treatment of animals, prisoner abuse, the innocence of children -- in a way that the ordinary person could read about them. In the first way that Mark Twain has a huge impact on American â€Å"freedom† on his writing, which is Huckleberry Finn. In a 2001 periodicalRead MoreHuckleberry Finn, By Samuel Longhorn Clemens1520 Words   |  7 Pagesas follows: 1. (adj.) the essence of a thing while in it’s purest and most concentrated form. 2. (adj.) The most typical example or representative. Huckleberry Finn, written in December of 1884, by Samuel longhorn Clemens (under surname â€Å"Mark Twain†) encompasses the life, thoughts and adventures of the 12-year-old title character Huckleberry â€Å"Huck† Finn. Throughout the book Huck struggles with a negative opinion of racism and slavery that is otherwise not voiced by your everyday American southernerRead More A Psychoanalytic Reading of Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1582 Words   |  7 PagesA Psychoanalytic Reading of Huckleberry Finn   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Psychoanalytic conditions, stages and symptoms pervade the seemingly simplistic narration of a child-narrator, Huck Finn. Such Freudian psychoanalytic ideas as Thanatos, repressed desires and how they seek their way back through dream work, through parapraxis, can all find examples in this fiction. Besides, Lacanian concept of the unconscious as the nucleus of our being, as an orderly network, as well as his famous theory the mirrorRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In Huckleberry Finn there are several themes. There are themes of racism and slavery, civilized society, survival, water imagery, and the one I will be discussing, superstition ( SparkNotes Editors). Superstition is a belief or practice resulting from ignorance, fear of the unknown, trust in magic or chance, or a false conception of causation (â€Å"Merriam-Webster†). Superstition was a very popular theme in Huckleberry Finn that you saw throughoutRead More Independence in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn902 Words   |  4 PagesJourney to Independence in Huckleberry Finn nbsp; In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the main character, Huck, struggles to develop his own set of beliefs and values despite the very powerful social structure of his environment. The people he encounters and the situations he experiences while traveling down the Mississippi River help him become an independent thinker in the very conformist society of 19th century Missouri. nbsp; Huck is a free spirit who finds socially acceptableRead MoreA Comparison Piece of Mark Twains the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Frederick Douglasss Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave834 Words   |  4 PagesTwains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Frederick Douglasss Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave can be said to be comparison pieces. Despite that Huck Finn is a fictional character and Douglass was a physical being, certain characteristics and developmental processes are very similar. Firstly, in the initial stages of their lives, both Huck and Douglass faced repression, though in different forms. While Huck is a character whose spirit longs to fly freely, thereRead MoreLife and Works of Mark Twain Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagesof literature and the use of symbolism in his works. In â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†, Twain reflected Finn’s character as a free spirit, whose actions could be reflected to the river itself. Twain majorly used symbolism in his works. the river was one of the symbols in book, where it is highlighted to be independent and free of all worldly bounds and limitations. This is shown in the character of Huckleberry Finn, as he chooses to live a life of freedom near the river. He pursued adventures

Service and Helping Others and Three Reasons People are Hesitant to Help Essay Example For Students

Service and Helping Others and Three Reasons People are Hesitant to Help Essay There are a lot of people who are suffering, and there are very few people who are willing to encourage them even though they know everything about their situation. However, they still do nothing to give them support and show their kindness to them. Therefore, everyone needs inspiration sometimes in their lives. However, most of the time there are a lot of people who are in need of help from others around them, but do not get support for various reasons. In the memoir Hope’s Boy, Andrew Bridge explains he is a child who works through a foster care system who obviously needs a lot of help by those; however, he is ignored by so many people around him. We can see in the book that in some cases people do not understand or agree with the life styles of Andy’s biological mother, as what he thinks is living would be like with different styles of others. In addition, I also could see from my own experiences in India sometimes people are afraid of helping others; they might be insulted by those who they are trying to help. The limited resources that prevent Andy’s mother from helping Andy are because of her illness. Andy’s mother would love to take care of Andy, but, she do not have resources to take care of him, the part of the reasons she do not have resources is because she do not have the mental ability to hold the stable job to take care of Andy with the everyday needs. While there are many reasons that people might not help, the main reasons seems to be that keep people from helping others are the different styles of living from each other, the fear of getting in trouble for helping others that they do not wan t help, and the limited resources, when help is needed. One of the main reasons why people do not help others is that diff. .fe without any help from others. The different living level of standards in the society, the afraid of getting in problems by those who we are trying to help, and the finite resources that could be some of the three various reasons that could prevent some people from helping others around them who are in need. There are many people who want to help others, but the things that prevent them for not helping others is the less confidence in themselves and the anxiety of getting in trouble. However, we need to provide help to others because helping other people makes us feel better about ourselves emotionally and physically. Therefore, it also helps in emerging the society and constructing it develops in a massive way. Helping others gives a better understanding of other’s society and give us a chance to use our talents, and experience to assist someone who is in needs.

Causes Of Project Failure - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about theCauses Of Project Failure Answer: Causes of project failure Critical and system thinking refers to a certain framework which is intended to unite the means through which different individuals approach a topic. The aspect of projects and how they fail is an area that a large number of individuals visualize in significantly diverse way and thus for that reason, the framework can help integrate the ideas and approach of different authors and make them easy to understand generally. The objective of this study is to analyze that the perceived causes of the project failure vary depending on the assessment of failure. The study will be drawn from theory and evidence, and it will also look into the implications of project failure in the practice of project management. The results of the study reveal that the biggest areas of concern in project failure relate to the management team, meeting the set deadlines, keeping up within the budget and also meeting the quality requirements. The study analyzes what different authors consider to be the cause of pr ojects fail. This research is very important in that it will assist the project managers to avoid any factors that are said to be the cause of the project failure and they will thus be in a position to come up with strategies for increasing effectiveness and preventing the project failures. Introduction Many of the projects especially the complex ones usually fail in the long term due to the failure to live up to the promises made and they thus end up producing outcomes that are disappointing at the time of completion. Kerzner, (2017), explain that some projects fail as a result of the exceeding of the set budgets while others do not meet the deadline or even both. When projects managers fail to deliver as expected, they usually have a poor reputation. Basu, (2016) on the other hand provides information that technology industries are the ones who have the worst record because their failures tend to exceed more that 50% in all the projects that they undertake. Some of the organizations usually make commitments that they are not able to fulfill on the projects that they undertake and they even go to the extent of failing to determine the value that they get in return from the investment undertaken. It is thus important for the organizations and their project managers to take measures to ensure that they step up their game in the project management so that they can be in a position to undertake strategies and measures of curbing the failure of their projects. Project managers should thus ensure that they carefully evaluate a project before undertaking it by examining the hurdles and other road-blocks that may present challenges so that they can have a clear understanding of the challenges that lay ahead of them in the project and come up with the necessary ways of mitigating them (Basu, 2016). Causes of projects failure In their source, Montequin, Cousillas, and Villanueva, (2016), explain that one of the major causes of project failure is poor preparation. This refers to the situation where the project manager and his or her team are not adequately prepared to undertake the project. For a project to be successful, the project manager and his or her team need to get a clear picture of what they are going to do before the initiation of the project. In this, they need to know what the project is all about, what its success looks like and ensure that they stay focused. Failure to have a clear focus right from the beginning usually make the things hard, and some of the vital things such as examining the challenges that they may experience in the project and developing ways of mitigating them may be overlooked thus affecting the project after it has already started. Cause of failure in projects the project managers should thus ensure that they have a meeting with all the stakeholders that are involved so that they can discuss on the quality of the product, the cost and also the time. This is imperative in that it assists the project managers to know the right way for the execution of the tasks so that they can meet the expectations of the people involved. The stakeholders that are involved in a certain project usually contribute to the failure of the project if they do not participate in the preparation phase. They should thus be part of this by offering the necessary resources that are needed to start the project so that they can be in a position to make it successful by avoiding the shortage of the supplies required. When the stakeholders do not take part in the preparation phase and do not participate in the reviews, they end up showing less interest and are finally disengaged. This result to the lack of unity and the collaboration in the pro ject support and hence failure since there are no necessary people required to offer the guidance needed to see the project through until its success. It is thus important for the project managers to ensure that they have in place a consistent methodology for use in the planning and the execution of the projects before announcing the date of releasing the project (Discenza, Forman, 2007). The second cause of the failure in the projects is inadequate leadership (Shauchenka, 2013). This does not only focus on the project managers but also on the other leaders at all the management levels that are bestowed with the responsibility of ensuring the success of the project. The management or the leaders at all the levels should ensure that they offer support to the project manager so that he can be in a position to follow through on all the expectations that he has placed on them. Lack of the necessary support from the various management levels can lead to the failure of the project due to the difficulties in the project development (Kerzner, 2017). This causes the project to be caught up in the priorities and failure to collaborate in the organization and this makes it hard for all the people involved in a project to work towards a common goal. The project managers should thus ensure that they communicate effectively with all the team members so that he can lead in the execu tion of the desired results and ensure that the expected performance has been delivered. The third cause of the project failure is the existence of gaps in communication. According to Montequin, Cousillas, and Villanueva, (2016), many of the project teams usually use the emails as the means of communication on the various tasks and issue in the project. As a result of this, the communication on the project thus resides in the email box of the individual team members and the case that a new member joins in the project, there is usually no centralized way that the new member can be in a position to access the history of the project. The executive managers thus usually rely on the emails sent to them either weekly or monthly by the project managers, and thus most of the information about the project is left in the hand of the project managers which they at times tends to hold hostage. When the project managers send the email to the team members, their feedback may not reach all the members of the team especially if they fail to click the reply to all option and thus some of the members end up not receiving the message. Lastly, in the communication gaps, some of the team members complain about the volumes of emails sent and the burden that they have on sorting them out so that they can get the most relevant ones. This thus results in the wastage of time since they could be working on more important and pressing issues instead of sifting through the emails. To solve this problem, there is a need for project managers to offer a centralized location for communication. Posting information in a central location so that in case new members join the team, they can be in a position to quickly review the progress can catch up with the rest of the team members. The other cause of the project failure is the lack of visibility into the resource workload. Due to the lack of the prioritization in the projects, the resources are usually overloaded. This occurs in the case where the executive managers do not have a clear visibility of the activities in the project and also the tasks. They thus end up delegating the task of resources allocated to the project managers and in the case that the priorities in the project are not established correctly, the company ends up undertaking very many projects at a time. As a result of this, the team members tend to have more work than the time available for the completion of the work. The project managers thus need to let the executive managers know the work load that they have so that they can avoid getting in trouble (Chitkara, 1998). The impact of this is that the team members may opt out of the job and go search for work somewhere especially because they are overworked so that they can meet the deadlines and ensure the completion of their tasks, the project and also meet the objectives. Over planning by the executive managers can lead to the complexity of the schedules which causes the problems associated with the lack of visibility later (Chapman, 2013). It is thus important to ensure that adequate planning is done right from the start so that the management can get a better view to avoid overworking the employees and losing its actual progress which makes it appear messy and difficult to bring back on the right track. Clarification on critical and system thinking in understanding project failures As demonstrated in the paper, the ideas and approaches that different authors have regarding project failures is significantly different. Despite this reason, however, a large number of these individuals make similar conclusions concerning the topic and have agreed in many instances. By reading and understanding the authors provision, an individual can easily understand the aspect of project failure and its causes. Conclusion For a project to achieve its desired results, all the stakeholders that are involved in it should be well managed and motivated so that the efforts of the project can experience phases of optimal performance up to the last stage. From the research findings the authors have a common stand that most projects usually fail due to the poor preparation and planning, inadequate leadership, lack of visibility in the resource overload and the gaps existing in the communication between the team members. In this, it is clear that if the stakeholders in the team do not carry out an adequate evaluation before starting the project and involve all the stakeholders, the project is likely to fail. This is because they are not able to have a clear understanding of where they are heading to, and some of the stakeholders may even opt out if they are not participants in the project. Measures thus need to be taken to ensure that the team members are fully prepared right before undertaking any project. References Basu, R. (2016). Managing Projects in Research and Development. Florence: Taylor and Francis. Chapman, R. (2013). The rules of project risk management : implementation guidelines for major projects. Farnham, Surrey: Gower Publishing Limited. Chitkara, K. (1998). Construction project management: planning, scheduling and controlling. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Discenza, R. Forman, J. B. (2007). Seven causes of project failure: how to recognize them and how to initiate project recovery. Paper presented at PMI Global Congress 2007North America, Atlanta, GA. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute. Kerzner, H. (2017). Project management : a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Montequin, V., Cousillas, V. Villanueva, A. (2016). Success Factors and Failure Causes in Projects: Analysis of Cluster Patterns Using Self-organizing Maps: Procedia Computer Science. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050916323481 Montequin, V., Cousillas, V. Villanueva, A. (2016). Analysis of the Success Factors and Failure Causes in Information Communication Technology (ICT) Projects in Spain. Procedia Technology. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212017314002801 Shauchenka, U. (2013). Why projects fail. Uladzislau Shauchenka.

Steroids and Muscle Growth an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Steroids and Muscle Growth by Expert Prof. Bill | 01 Dec 2016 Steroids can be taken as pills or injected by individuals who wish to gain muscle growth and at the same time increase lean body mass. It has many approved medical uses but people tend to abuse this drug in order to improve their physical appearance. The illegal use of these drugs brings out many health hazards (The National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA], 2008). Need essay sample on "Steroids and Muscle Growth" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Steroids is said to possess positive effects in the recovery of patients since it brings out faster recovery because of cortisol being produced to help the body handle stress. It also helps the body to recover from injuries or to exercise more (Swain, 2007). Reducing body fats is also one good effect of steroids. Steroid users shed body fat due to an increase in their metabolic rate. Other medical professionals think that steroids reduce body fat because more mitochondria are grown in cells which help oxidize fat (Swain, 2007). Steroids also enhance muscle size by means of increasing the amount of nitrogen in the body and allow more production of protein that paves the way for producing more muscles. [M]uscles will start to grow even if [one does not] exercise them. They will grow even bigger if [one would] train regularly (Swain, 2007). For illnesses like osteoporosis, arthritis, some types of cancers, and blood disorders, steroids are also used to regulate the production of red blo od cells and by increasing bone density. College Students Frequently Tell EssayLab specialists: Who wants to write essay for me? Essay writers recommend: Academic Papers For Sale Cheap Custom Essays Best Website To Buy College Papers Best Essay Writing Service Reviews Good Essay Writing Company Taking higher dosage of steroids alone cannot provide muscle growth. In order to enhance muscle growth, steroids should be taken along with rigorous physical training. A person who want to have bigger muscles must also be placed under a high-protein diet exercise program before and during anabolic steroid administration (The Anabolis Mall, 2005). Reasons for Steroids Abuse According to The National Institute of Drug abuse, the main reason why people take an overdose of steroids is that they want to improve their capability in doing sports activities. Taking steroids would increase their muscle size faster and at the same time enhance their appearance by eliminating body fat (NIDA, 2008). Other reasons related to steroids abuse are peer encouragement and the influence of famous athletes who use steroids. There are also findings that prove how helpful steroids are for females who wish to lose fat immediately and gain lean muscles in their bodies (NIDA, 2008). The Disadvantages of Using Steroids For Men The use of steroids can be harmful for men, especially if they use the drug excessively. Taking steroids can result in physical changes such as baldness, growth of breasts, and shrinking of testicles (NIDA, 2008). It can also have other biological effects such as reduced sperm count and infertility. Men who use steroids are also at risk of having prostate cancer. The skeletal growth of a person is also premature when using steroids (NIDA, 2008). The Disadvantages of Using Steroids For Women Women who use steroids may suffer from problems in menstruation and may even stop menstruation altogether. The use of steroid can also have physical effects such as development of excessive hairs on the face and other body parts, male-pattern baldness, enlargement of the clitoris, and decreased breast size (NIDA, 2008). Using steroids may also lead to high-risk diseases like cervical and endometrial cancer. Their bone growth is also affected. Urine problems are also experienced by women who use steroids and the quality of voice also changes and become more deepened (NIDA, 2008). Although using steroids can help speed up the recovery of patients and the muscle growth of bodybuilders, it should never be taken in excess. When overdosed, steroids can have harmful effects to the body and may cause the user to be sterile. References Swain, D. (2007).The Positive Effects of Steroids. Date published: July, 2, 2007, Retrieved March 7, 2008 from: http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/294157/the_positive_effects_of_steroids.html The Anabolic Mall (2005). Do Steroids cause muscle and body growth? Retrieved March 7, 2008 from: http://www.anabolicsmall.com/roidb11b.htm The National Institute on Drug Abuse (2008). Articles that address Anabolic Steroids Abuse.Retrieved, March 7, 2008

Base and Superstructure Definition of Marxs Terms

Base and Superstructure Definition of Marxs Terms Base and superstructure are two linked theoretical concepts developed by Karl Marx, one of the founders of sociology. Simply put, base refers to the forces and relations of production- to all the people, relationships between them, the roles that they play, and the materials and resources involved in producing the things needed by society. Thomas Lohnes / Getty Images Superstructure Superstructure, quite simply and expansively, refers to all other aspects of society. It includes culture, ideology (world views, ideas, values, and beliefs), norms and expectations, identities that people inhabit, social institutions (education, religion, media, family, among others), the political structure, and the state (the political apparatus that governs society). Marx argued that the superstructure grows out of the base, and reflects the interests of the ruling class that controls it. As such, the superstructure justifies how the base operates, and in doing so, justifies the power of the ruling class. From a sociological standpoint, it’s important to recognize that neither the base nor the superstructure is naturally occurring, nor are they static. They are both social creations (created by people in a society), and both are the accumulation of social processes and interactions between people that are constantly playing out, shifting, and evolving. Extended Definition Marx theorized that the superstructure effectively grows out of the base and that it reflects the interests of the ruling class that controls the base (called the â€Å"bourgeoisie† in Marx’s time). In The German Ideology, written with Friedrich Engels, Marx offered a critique of Hegel’s theory of how society operates, which was based on principles of Idealism. Hegel asserted that ideology determines social lifethat the reality of the world around us is determined by our mind, by our thoughts. Historical Shifts to a Capitalist Mode of Production Considering historical shifts in relations of production, most importantly, the shift from feudalist to capitalist production, Marx was not content with Hegel’s theory. He believed that the shift to a capitalist mode of production had sweeping implications for the social structure, culture, institutions, and ideology of society- that it reconfigured the superstructure in drastic ways. He posed instead a â€Å"materialist† way of understanding history (â€Å"historical materialism†), which is the idea that the material conditions of our existence, what we produce in order to live and how we go about doing so, determines all else in society. Building on this idea, Marx posed a new way of thinking about the relationship between thought and lived reality with his theory of the relationship between base and superstructure. Importantly, Marx argued that this is not a neutral relationship. There is a lot at stake in the way the superstructure emerges out of the base, because as the place where norms, values, beliefs, and ideology reside, the superstructure serves to legitimate the base. The superstructure creates the conditions in which the relations of production seem right, just, or even natural, though, in reality, they may be deeply unjust, and designed to benefit only the minority ruling class, rather than the majority working class. Marx argued that religious ideology that urged people to obey authority and work hard for salvation in the afterlife was a way in which superstructure justifies the base because it generates an acceptance of one’s conditions as they are. Following Marx, Antonio Gramsci elaborated on the role of education in training people to obediently serve in their designated roles in the division of labor, depending upon into which class they were born. Marx and Gramsci also wrote about the role of the state- the political apparatus- in protecting the interests of the ruling class. In recent history, state bailouts of collapsing private banks is an example of this. Early Writing In his early writing, Marx was very committed to the principles of historical materialism, and the related one-way causal relationship between base and superstructure. However, as his theory evolved and grew more complex over time, Marx reframed the relationship between base and superstructure as dialectical, meaning that each influences what happens in the other. Thus, if something changes in the base, it causes changes in the superstructure, and vice versa. Marx believed in the possibility of a revolution among the working class because he thought that once workers realized the extent to which they were exploited and harmed for the benefit of the ruling class, then they would decide to change things, and a significant change in the base, in terms of how goods are produced, by whom, and on what terms, would follow.